Analysis Of `` Still I Rise, And Welty s `` A Worn Path ``

Literature offered an approach for African-Americans to demonstrate their humanity and an ability for creative invention and imaginary thought. Writing later developed into an instrument through which African-Americans could voice not only their rejection of institutionalized racism and slavery but also their desire for equality and freedom. African-American literature continues to be a method in countering the incompetence or misrepresentation of black people in history. Two prominent female writers during this era were Maya Angelou and Eudora Welty. Angelou was a civil rights activist and educator and expressed her emotions in her works. Her poem, â€Å"Still I Rise,† was written to describe her willingness to overcome oppression. Welty expressed black triumph through her character in her short story, â€Å"A Worn Path.† Although both works tells stories of racial and female empowerment, they express these ideas in distinctive methods. Angelou’s â€Å"Still I Rise† and Welty’s â€Å"A Worn Path† are both written during a time of racial and sexual oppression. Both authors were African-American females who grew up during extreme racial subjugation. Angelou speaks about overcoming oppression and prejudice in her poem, â€Å"Still I Rise†. She carries a confident tone, assuring that she will overcome her troubles, asserting, â€Å"Just like moons and like suns, / With the certainty of tides, / Just like hopes springing high, / Still, I’ll rise† (Angelou 10-13). In â€Å"A Worn Path,† the narrator, also anShow MoreRelatedThe Road Not Taken, by Robert Frost and A Worn Path, by Eudora Welty2347 Words   |  10 PagesThroughout this course, I have discovered that literature is more than just words being brought together by an author to form an emotionally charged story. Literature provides an engaging outlet into an imaginary realm to its audience. As the reader is captivated by the story, poem or play, a, emotional connection is established. By connecting, considering and concluding the response gained from literary works, the reader can obtain a deeper, analytical understanding of these techniques and toolsRead MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12166 Words   |  49 PagesA Worn Path by Eudora Welty Copyright Notice  ©1998−2002;  ©2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Gale and Design ® and Thomson Learning are trademarks used herein under license.  ©2007 eNotes.com LLC ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution or information storageRead MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12173 Words   |  49 PagesA Worn Path by Eudora Welty Copyright Notice  ©1998−2002;  ©2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Gale and Design ® and Thomson Learning are trademarks used herein under license.  ©2007 eNotes.com LLC ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution or information storage

Cast Away - 760 Words

In the movie Cast Away, Chuck Noland says that to turn ones back on time is to commit a sin. In this movie, Chuck’s life revolves around time, and his ability to make more money is directly affected by time. This fact, however, is exactly what is related as a bad thing. Throughout the movie, capitalistic ventures, which require an extreme investment of time, are characterized as evil. The message sent in Cast Away is that we live in a corrupt and morally bankrupt society which is only concerned with the bottom line, but if we all â€Å"get back to the basics† and search our souls for what really matters in life, we may have a chance of turning out okay. Chuck Noland represents the United States in this movie, especially in the former†¦show more content†¦Since Chuck Noland represents evil in the form of a taskmaster of time, his punishment is to be sent away to solitude where time is not a factor. Before he arrives at his lonely island, Chuck is not good at dealing with people or emotions. He only gives his friend a phone number when his friend’s wife is dying of cancer. He offers no emotional support, and even tries to stay out of the conversation when the flight attendant is talking to his friend about it. Some other examples of this are the Christmas presents he buys Kelly (Cast Away). Even though they are gag gifts, it is still insensitive, and he did not think about how it would make her feel. He suffers a Satan-esque fall to this island where suddenly all the time and money in the world no longer matter. It is only after being stripped of these elements that Chuck is able to sort out what really matters in life. The fact that he does not open the package with the wings on it symbolizes that he is beginning to become more attuned to the elements of life that truly matter (Cast Away). He could have easily opened it, but he realized that respecting someone’s privacy, even on that remote island, was vitally i mportant. He also realized that having a companion was important in survival, and this is why he created Wilson (Cast Away). Wilson taught him that he was taking his friendships and relationships in his earlier life forShow MoreRelatedCast Away1205 Words   |  5 PagesCast Away Extra Credit * In comparison to his first few days on the on the island, what differences did you notice in Chuck Noland after he resided there for four years? What changes take place the longer that Chuck is on the island? --During the first few days of living on the island, Chuck tries to save the packages that he managed to save, but after a while of living on this island, he opens the packages in hope of finding something useful. This is the start of his shift into becoming disconnectedRead MoreThe Sounds Of Captivity : Music Often Supplements Movies1356 Words   |  6 Pagestypically use music throughout their movies to intensify the action and/or atmosphere. However, throughout the majority of Cast Away, director Robert Zemeckis gives the whispers of nature precedence over a film score; though unconventional, his use of sound efficiently enhances the film. In Cast Away, a time-obsessed FedEx employee named Chuck Noland (played by Tom Hanks) is cast from civilization when his plane crashes over the Pacific. Chuck and his companion--a volleyball he calls Wilson--surviveRead MoreCastaway Movie Analysis-Journeys1521 Words   |  7 Pagesdisappear in the mist as he rows away. Even without the visual we know that Chuck is now leaving the island. The lighting in ‘Castaway’ is central in showing Chuck’s isolation on the island. During storms, especially the initial one which causes Chuck’s plane to crash, lightning and moonlight is all the light used in the scene. The lightning during the storms is hard key lighting and creates a sense of fear danger on screen and amongst the audience. The shadows that are cast on Chuck’s face from fire lightRead MoreSymbolism In Cast Away1114 Words   |  5 PagesIn the movie Cast Away Tom Hanks plays the role of Chuck Noland an executive for Fed Ex who is obsessed with time. Chucks plane crashes over the Pacific Ocean during a storm leaving him stranded on an island. Chuck has to face many challenges through the years physically, mentally, and emotionally. Kelly his girlfriend is his biggest motivation for staying alive. Chuck eventually builds a raft and is rescued, only to find out that everything back home has changed. The theme of Cast Away is about lea rningRead MoreSymbols in Cast Away1090 Words   |  5 Pagesfor Cast Away Cast Away is a fantastic film that has many hidden meanings beneath the surface. Before being analysed, it seems like its simply about a man who experiences an adventurous journey after his plane crashes into the Pacific. After more thought was put into it, many symbolic meanings that demonstrated his human nature, mainly consisting his drive of survival, faith, hope, and morals, was revealed. I am able to arrive at the conclusion that yes, I do agree with the quote, Cast Away  deliversRead MoreAn Anaylysis of Cast Away3505 Words   |  15 PagesAn Analysis of Cast Away Gina M. Orlando ENG225: Introduction to Film (GSJ1115D) Instructor: Sharon Hanscom April 29, 2011 An Analysis of Cast Away In the 2000 film, Cast Away starring Tom Hanks as Chuck Noland, as a â€Å"FedEx systems engineer whose ruled-by-the-clock existence abruptly ends when a harrowing plane crash leaves him isolated on a remote island† (Washington Post, 2000). Through analysis of this film, we explore how Chucks’ consistent existence in everyday life is dramaticallyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Cast Away1364 Words   |  6 PagesImagine you are stranded on an island, all by yourself. You have a few things left from the plane that crashed you there, but not nothing to help you get off the island. How are you going to survive? How are you going to stay sane? Well, the movie â€Å"Cast Away† gives us a scenario. Chuck Noland is flying across the ocean to get to work training, unfortunately, the plane malfunctions and he is stranded on an island with a few FedEx boxes he salvages. He learns how to deal with being alone, how to hunt forRead MoreCast Away Into Maslow s Hierarchy Of Nee ds1175 Words   |  5 PagesCast Away into Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs In our heads, we seem to think that extreme situations are one in a million, that it is impossible those things can ever happen to us, until it does of course. Such as tornadoes, plane crashes, horrific car accidents, and so on. They turn your world upside down and your life is never the same again once you ve experienced such trauma. You realize that everything in our everyday lives is taken for granted however once those simple everyday luxuries areRead MoreAppropriations Essay- Robinson Crusoe and Cast Away1833 Words   |  8 PagesRobinson Crusoe and Cast Away Question: â€Å"Texts are inevitably a reflection of their particular historical, social and cultural contexts.† Appropriation is the translation of elements of one text into another, in which the old elements are transformed to suit the responders of the new social context. Texts are inexorably a replication of their particular historical, social and cultural frameworks. Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719) and Robert Zemeckis’ film appropriation Cast Away (2000), illustrateRead MoreCastaway Movie Analysis : The Theme Of Cast Away830 Words   |  4 Pagesand later get off the island. Once he finds a way to get the island he is reunited with the real world and has a feeling of gratefulness for everything that he has. He realizes he needs to live every moment like if it was your last. The theme of Cast Away is that there is always a way to survive the difficulties in life whether it may be physical, mental or emotional obstacles. The movie portrays this through symbols, settings and character development. The angel wings that show on the fed ex box

Benefits to Organisations from Cloud Computing Free Essays

string(80) " are certain specific software should be available for them accessing the data\." Benefits of Organization From Cloud Computing ————————————————- ABSTRACT In recent years, many organizations benefit from sharp development of cloud computing in terms of scalability, agility, automation and resource sharing. Especially for IT departments, cloud computing afford the most innovative technologies and resources for them to focus on applications development, which are the most beneficial for organization business. On the other hand, the Capital Operational cost can be reduced accordingly because of cloud platform. We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits to Organisations from Cloud Computing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many IT giants such as Microsoft, HP and Dell have invested billions in developing cloud platform and cloud computing research. This paper reviews the concept of cloud computing and its state of the art, and concluded the benefits to organizations in perspectives of software as a service (SaaS), infrastructure as a service (IaaS), and datacentre as a service (DaaS). Keywords: cloud computing, software as service, architecture as a service, datacentre as a service Introduction The term â€Å"cloud† is used to represent the computer network of the internet. It depicts a diagram as the computer network is just like the cloud which is linked to every client via internet. With the support of high performance server, each single client is able to access their work files remotely and process them without preinstalling specific applications. Because of the development of virtualisation, end-users can work with their clients such as netbook, smart mobile or laptop in anywhere as the same as work in local as long as the internet is available. This paper work aims to explain the concept of cloud computing in state of the art and to discuss how organizations benefit from cloud computing in perspectives of SaaS, IaaS and DaaS, and future research is concluded in the end. Background In the word of McCarthy: â€Å"computation may someday be organized as a public utility. † The idea of cloud computing has been first opined in the 1960s. Later then, Douglas Parkhill (1966) has thoroughly explored almost all the modern-day characteristics of cloud computing in areas such as infinite supply, elastic provision, online etc. nd compared them to the electricity industry in his book, The Challenge of the Computer Utility. Meanwhile, other researchers were also proposing their ideas about cloud computing, the scientist Herb Grosch even postulated that in future the entire world communication services would be supported by about 15 huge data centres. Between the sixties and nineties, with the evolution of WEB 2. 0 being developed, the internet has started to offer a significant bandwidth which sharply increases the speed of cloud computing development. The first milestone was the arrival of Salesforce. om in 1999, which is the pioneer of creating a concept of running application over internet. It paved the way for both academia researches and industry professionals to deliver applications via internet which is the fountainhead of cloud computing development. The second milestone was Amazon Web Services in 2002, which offered a set of services such as storage and remotely computation based on the cloud through the Amazon Mechanical Turk. Later then in 2006, a commercial web service called Elastic Compute cloud (EC2) was launched by Amazon to run personal and specific applications for both individual and small and medium size enterprise. In 2009, another milestone came as the WEB 2. 0 hit its stride, pioneers such as Google started to offer browser-based services and applications via internet, so called Google Apps. This is decisive for users running reliable and easy-to-consume applications from leading technology giants such as Microsoft and Google. To date, many experts seem to agree that cloud computing can bring enormous benefits for business organizations and will ultimately transform the computing landscape. Even though there are still a lot of issues such as security, data privacy, network performance and economics which need to be concerned. Cloud Computing Cloud computing is a natural evolution of the widespread adoption of virtualisation, service-oriented architecture, autonomic, and utility computing. The term â€Å"in the cloud† indicates that end-users are no longer needed to be expertise, well trained in using computer, and even some of the cases have pointed out that future personal computer can be hard drive-less and web-browser only. To understand this in general, cloud computing is able to deliver services such as computation, software, data access and storage ver internet without requiring end-user information of physical location and configuration. Categories of Cloud Computing Cloud computing is able to offer several services, which can be categorized into different classes. The most prevalent classes are Software as a Service (SaaS), infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Datacentre as a Service (DaaS). Software as a Service (SaaS) Software as a Service provides pre-built application services with no ne of little customization such as ERP and CRM over the internet to the end user for dealing with complex business missions. As the most important and popular application service in cloud computing, it simplifies IT support and management by eliminating the need to install and run individual applications on PC. Most of the software are available to updated automatically through provision of the service provider, and because of the centrally management, the need for maintenance and support can be removed as well. Infrastructure as a Service Infrastructure as a Service renders a service over the internet for orienting computing resources such as hardware, networking components, data storage and servers. It is parallel to the Software as a Service in simplifying the management of computing components, the need of in-house datacentre can be removed, and the networking equipment can be eliminated as well. Form perspective of organizations, Infrastructure as a service is able to offer great elasticity and flexibility for scaling computing equipment whenever they are needed. Datacentre as a Service Datacentre as a Service, as a cousin of Software as a Service, can provide needs to the end-users regardless of geographic or organizational separation of provider and consumer. Those needs can be classified into both software and data. Traditionally, enterprises require self-contained repository for storing and organizing data of business, meanwhile there are certain specific software should be available for them accessing the data. You read "Benefits to Organisations from Cloud Computing" in category "Papers" Therefore, the concept of datacentre as a service is created for bundling both the needed data and software to interpret into a single package which can be offered to the enterprises at once. The most benefits of this paradigm to organizations are effective reducing of the data cost and usage of the specific software. Benefits to organisation Cloud computing offers a set of advantages to business organizations in many aspects. Traditionally, organizations require enormous budget for the procurement of hardware capacity with great cost potential and the recruitment of a big quantity of staff for managing equipment and running applications in order to deliver big project. Cloud computing revealing is significantly contributing on solving the existing issues, it allows end-users to access the hardware and software facility wherever and whenever without pre-built applications, local administration and hardware capacity. The costs can be sharply reduced because of the centrally management of the provider. The most significant benefits are: * Cost. The expense is always one of concerns while investing and developing an in-house infrastructure, especially for large business organizations. Cloud computing is able to remove the most of cost which spent on purchasing IT equipment, software and maintenance, and organization can therefore pay as they consume. * Reliability. In cloud computing, virtual servers as provided services for organizations instead of physical servers, and this solution is beneficial for the organizations in reliability. If the server or any hardware component is not able to perform their duty properly, the transition can sassily be deployed to any other available server. It creates a significant flexibility for server maintenance. * Manageability. The hardware and other IT facilities can be centrally management by provider, and this renders a great comfort for organization IT department in supporting and implementing. Maintenance is removed because the end-users can simply access their data and applications via user interface without pre-installation. Therefore, IT resources and capacity can be relocated and leveraged for focusing on innovation and core competencies. Nevertheless, besides those main advantages of cloud computing, there are many specific benefits to organizations in perspectives of software as a service, infrastructure as a service and database as a service. In perspective of software as a service As described in previous chapter, Software as a Service provides pre-built application services with none of little customization such as ERP and CRM over the internet to the end user for dealing with complex business missions. Its benefits to organizations can be discussed form both aspects of consumer and provider. For the consumer * Time of development is reduced. As opposed to a phased implementation which may takes months, the time can be decreased as potentially minutes. * No software installation and maintenance. The software application will be cutting edge and updated automatically by provider. * Global availability. Traditionally, software functions are available on-premise based on organization’s IT capacity. Now they are functional outside of premise and anywhere on the internet natively. * Service level agreement (SLA) adherence. Once the software incurs any bugs or errors while running applications, the provider will be noticed immediately and able to fix them in minutes with limited expense. * Constant, smaller and upgrades. With SaaS provider can constantly maintain performance of application and provide continuously application experiences. * Redistribute IT budget. Organization can focus on core competencies by outsourcing software functionality to a provider. This strategy can flat out save the cost of infrastructure requirements and IT personnel knowledge demands. For the provider * Aggregate operating environment. As a provider, the highest authority of domain management is decisive for accessing data and fixing problems. Therefore, provider is no longer required to send technicians to customize software or applications based on demands of clients, the configuration can be remotely set up in central management. Hereby the effects such as financial savings, time savings and labour savings are beneficial to the provider. * Predictable revenue stream. The provider is able to easily calculate the usage of clients for predictably management of the rest resources based on subscription model (Pay as they go). Focus on smaller improvements instead of monster patch rollouts. As providers, the concerns such as rollout logistics across all their clients’ sites and duplication of issues fixing or configurations can be removed. Providers can focus on fixing core application functionality and enhancing features in smaller incremental rollouts. In perspective of infrastructure as a service Infrastruct ure as a service is one of the main categories of cloud computing service. Its benefits to organization can be concluded below: * Allows IT to shift focus. Because of the quick availability provided by infrastructure as a service, organization hereby can leverage and emphasis on core competencies in bringing innovations in solutions. * Flexibility infrastructure. Each component in architecture can play a role as a service such as hardware as a service, storage as a service, server as a service etc. * Utility service. The service model running by Infrastructure as a service is pre-paid/pay as go subscription based model. This model allows provider effectively manage resources and capacity for leasing. Multiple tenets. Infrastructure as a service allows multiple users to access the same infrastructure. * Investment cap. Small and medium size companies with limited capital for investing in IT equipment can take advantage of the resource from provider. * Measureable cost. Infrastructure as a service usage can be measured and priced based on what have been used and when they have been used. * Green IT. Centrally management and outsourcing ca n reduce environment effect with IT resources and systems. In perspective of datacentre as a service Datacentre as a Service, as a cousin of Software as a Service, can provide needs to the end-users regardless of geographic or organizational separation of provider and consumer. Those needs can be classified into both software and data. Its benefits to organization can be listed below: * Fast execution. Due to centrally management offered by database, end-users are no longer requiring to purchase, install, maintain or upgrade software applications locally. The on-demand model of data as a service is not only used to remove the demands on IT department, but also enabling business analysts to access their data and analysis. This allows IT department can leverage resources to focus on core competencies. * Emphasis on innovation, not infrastructure. For big enterprises, data as a service can be used for cutting their cost of keeping their existing data warehouse or database up and running, and enterprises therefore will be able to focus on innovation rather than organizational infrastructure. The saved cost of originally maintain and upgrading system can be invested on developing and executing business decisions. * Low cost. As the same as the service provided by IaaS, the on-demand model is applied in data as a service as well. Organizations can consume data functionality based on their usage (pay as they go), and the time when resources have been used is measureable for pricing. * World-class security. The security of the data has been discussed as one of main concerns for many years since the service of outsourcing data is provided. For cloud computing, data as a service ensures organizations’ data is protected with first class despite in terms of physical security, data encryption, user authentication or application security. Conclusion As discussed in this paper, cloud computing as a cutting edge concept which is proposed and developed in this era, and certainly offers a set of significant benefits to business organizations. It is not only a leading technology for optimizing existing organization IT performance, but also a future development of organization movements. Form the perspectives of cost saving, resources relocating and distributing, and labour productivity improving, organization can be enormously beneficial by adopting cloud computing as one of the decisive role in IT development. This paper has reviewed the concept of cloud computing and produced a state of the art understanding in terms of software as a service, infrastructure as a service and data as a service. Those three main categories of cloud computing services have been articulated deeply as well. The core purpose of this paper is to analyse the benefits to organizations from cloud computing, specifically in aspects of software as a service, infrastructure as a service, and data as a service. These main advantages offered by cloud computing have been discussed from both technological and business point of view. The trend of cloud computing has been concluded in the end. Nevertheless, cloud computing is continually developing and it will indeed bring more magnificent benefits not only to organizations but also in other aspects. The services provided by cloud computing such as Software-as-a-service, infrastructure-as-a-service and database-as-a-service are just the pioneers in cloud computing development. Based on requirements of end-users and business organizations in data processing, there will be more services unveiled in cloud computing to meet those demands and provide more comprehensive supports for both providers and end-users. Even in other areas such as building construction, manufacturing, education, and entertainment, cloud computing is also playing a vital role of productivity role. Its main strengths such as functionality, flexibility and sustainability will be significantly beneficial to those organizations, and those benefits will be explored from future research. * References 1) Gruman, Galen (2008-04-07). â€Å"What cloud computing really means†. InfoWorld. Retrieved 2009-06-02. 2) Cloud Computing Defined 17 July 2010. Retrieved 26 July 2010. 3) Buyya, Rajkumar; Chee Shin Yeo, Srikumar Venugopal (PDF). Market-Oriented Cloud Computing: Vision, Hype, and Reality for Delivering IT Services as Computing Utilities. Department of Computer Science and Software 4) â€Å"Defining â€Å"Cloud Services† and â€Å"Cloud Computing†Ã¢â‚¬ . IDC. 2008-09-23. Retrieved 2010-08-22. 5) â€Å"Security of virtualization, cloud computing divides IT and security pros†. Network World. 2010-02-22. Retrieved 2010-08-22. 6) Zissis, Dimitrios; Lekkas (2010). â€Å"Addressing cloud computing security issues†. Future Generation Computer Systems. 7) Finland – First Choice for Siting Your Cloud Computing Data Center.. Retrieved 4 August 2010. 8) â€Å"Cloud Net Directory. Retrieved 2010-03-01†³. Cloudbook. net. Retrieved 2010-08-22. 9) â€Å"†IBM, Google Team on an Enterprise Cloud. † May 2008. Rich Miller Retrieved 2010-04-01†³. DataCenterKnowledge. com. 2008-05-02. Retrieved 2010-08-22. 10) Duffy, Jim (2009-05-12). â€Å"Cisco unveils cloud computing platform for service providers†. Infoworld. com. Retrieved 2010-08-22. 11) â€Å"The Emerging Cloud Service Architecture†. Aws. typepad. com. 2008-06-03. Retrieved 2010-08-22. 12) VOGELS, W. A Head in the Clouds—the Power of Infrastructure as a Service. In First workshop on Cloud Computing and in Applications (CCA ’08) (October 2008). 13) How to cite Benefits to Organisations from Cloud Computing, Papers

Managing - Leading and Stewardship Management

Question: Write about theManaging, Leading and Stewardship for Management. Answer: Introduction In the assignment three, a self-reflective portfolio has been developed. It is an individual assignment related with collection of thoughts, concerns, ideas and reflection on our (students) learning as we take development journey over the course of the subject. In this assignment, we are asked to reflect on our assumptions and biases related with management, leadership and stewardship practices. In this reflective portfolio, we have to discuss about what we are learning, what are changing and how we put the learning into practices. This reflective portfolio serves as the base to recognize the significance and value of ongoing learning. This reflective portfolio has been divided into three major sections. They are such as pre-subject reflection, mid-subject reflection and post-subject reflection. All these sections are discussed below. Pre-Subject Reflection According to Bolton (2014), reflective practice can enable discovery of who we are and what we are and why we act as we do and how we can be more effective. It is the process of education related with perceiving and developing our own searching questions, rather than responding to responding given question. I know the main subject of the assignment is to analyze management, leadership and stewardship practices. As all of our team members have diverse background, we have diverse set of perspectives on leadership. In my point of view, effective stewardship practices can help a company to adjust and develop its business according to the ever-changing world. I understand that leadership is temporary role that is outlasted by lifespan of a company. Leaders can perform the act of stewardship when they start to focus on a companys future vitality. According to Brink et al. (2016), leaders are the stewards at the team level, when they ensures that individuals within a company interact or com municate properly with each other. A leader can become an effective steward by implementing appropriate management skills to control different aspects of various business operations. I have identified the major tension related with management, leadership and stewardship. It has been found that various organizations follow various questionable practices for various reasons (Mujtaba 2013). They often violate business ethics to increase productivity, efficiency and to gain higher market shares. Discrepancies and discriminations within the management of organizations often give rise to ethical issues related with business operation. Discrepancies and discriminations can also be found in small cases like handling a team to develop a project. I had also experienced this type of tension while developing a previous project. I acted as the team leader to conduct this project. I noticed that, due to discrepancies by some of our senior team members, most of the other team members were losing their motivation. For this reason, tension grew within the team and team spirit got hampered (Solomon et al. 2016). When as the team leader I tried to talk with them personality conflic ts (another tension) aroused. These issues have affected our performance severely. Hence, I believe that lack of motivation and team conflicts should be handled properly so that they can affect the overall team performance. In my point of view, development of effective communication system can help to decrease any kind of discrepancy or discrimination within the team. Team leaders must have the capability to motivate all the team members. They have to take care of all the issues faced by the team members. It will help a team leader to become an effective steward. According to Brink et al. (2016), stewardship starts with ensuring well-being of individual. In order to manage the team and its operation, a team leader needs to explain the mission or objective of a team. In addition, the team leader also needs to discuss why it is important for the team to achieve the target. It will in term increase the morale of the team, increase tem spirit and motivate them. Overall, it will increase the overall efficiency of a team. Mid-SubjectReflection In this section, I will discuss about the mid-subject learning. I learned about the changes occurred in this topic and the tensions arise in organizations from various in-class and out-class discussions, materials and experiences. In the in-class discussion our teacher told us about various questionable practices of different organizations and their reasons. For example, we learnt about supply chain and ethics of Apple and Foxconn. From the text book written by Ann Cunliffe, I came to know more about managing. According to Cunliffe, managing is ethical, reflective and rational process. I came to understand from in-class discussion that management is not just something we do but is more about who we are and how we are related with others. Our teacher showed us that life in organization is often become messy and complex due to their different interpretations. In-class discussion helped me to find out that managing is about connecting with different individuals, recognising and respecti ng their differences and developing meaning for them. Previously I think that management is all about how leaders can increase productivity and efficiency of team members. However, my point of view about management changed after the in-class discussion. We came to know about different management theories during the class. They were such as management by objectives, theory of constraints, Six Sigma, reengineering and group management theories such as Cogs ladder. From this discussion, I came to understand that management is a huge term, which is not only about increasing productivity and efficiency (Guardabassi and Prescott 2015). It is related with all the aspects of business such as employee motivation, conflict management and change management (Ha-Vikstrm and Takala 2016). Presently, due to the changing business environment management is divided into six major categories. They are such as human resource management, financial management, and information technology management, marketing management, operation / production management and strategic management (Sashkin 2014). Every category of management has different requirements. Understanding these requirements can help a leader to develop future growth plan for an organization (Barlam et al. 2016). It will help a leader to become a steward. I have integrated my knowledge from the in-class discussion and implemented them out-of-class peered discussion and role play. We have developed a role play on managing a restaurant. In this role play I acted as the general manager of the restaurant. There were four other team members participated in the role play. One of them was waiter, two of them were cook and one of them was head cook. In addition, three other team members played the role of customers. It had been found that conflict occurred between the head chef and the two cooks related with food quality and hygiene. Moreover, the waiter is not feeling well during the mid hours. However, as there was no other waiter hired in the restaurant, it was not possible for me (the general manager) to grant half-day leave for the waiter. In addition, I was also unable to solve the conflict aroused between the chefs. Ineffective communication system and inappropriate strategy of business operation had given rise to tension and conflict. After the end of the role play, we were engaged in out-of-class peered review. Form the discussion and role play we came to un derstand that theoretical knowledge about management, leadership and stewardship is not enough to solve real life conflicts and tensions. A manager must have to develop effective communication within the team and motivate employees to work hard. In addition to that, they have to take care of the welfare of employees as well. Post-Subject Reflection After completion of my learning about the topic management, leadership and stewardship practices, I came to understand that there are great, good and bad leaders. Stewardship is the common themes that can different good, bad and great leaders. Great leader often show high level of stewardship towards a company and the people who comprise it Knight and Landres (2013). On the contrary, in every case of bad leadership, we can likewise found the complete absence of stewardship gene. In my point of view Steve Jobs is the example of great leader, while Tim Cook is the example of good leader. However, there is still a question remained open. That is whether there is any basic difference can be found in good leadership and stewardship. In future, I will try to find out the answer of this question. I came to understand that there are various types of issues can arise while managing and leading a team. They are such as ethical issues, communicational issues, conflict development and lack of motivation. I came to understand from the role-play and out of class peer discussion that managing and leading a company towards success is not that easy as it looks like. A leader must have the motivation skill to inspire as the employees. Leaders often have to take critical decisions in emergency situations, considering the future vitality of the organization. In case of multinational companies (MNCs), managers and leaders have to develop a specific communication system within the team. In order to motivate employees, they have to remind them of their targets constantly and made them understand that they can achieve that target easily. I have also come to understand that rewards and recognitions can help to solve issues related with lack of motivation among employees. Conflict can be considered as another major issue in business management. Goetsch and Davis (2014) stated that, in an organization, different people come from different cultural background. For this reason, they often have different point of view about a certain topic, which can lead to conflict. From the in-class discussion I came to know that management is term related with various aspects of business such as employee motivation, conflict management and change management (Shin et al. 2015). I came to understand that, as a leader I have to respect the point of view of others. I have to listen to them carefully and consider all the options available. We need to take the best option, which is both beneficial for the organization and employees. Hence, in this way, conflict can be managed properly within a specific team. However, despite of all our efforts we will never be able to achieve 100% in business operation and we will not be able to make everyone happy. Despite of all our effor ts conflicts will still arise as the business environment is changing rapidly. It is the responsibility of the management team to cope up with the changing business environment. Conclusion After the completion of my learning related with management, leadership and stewardship practices, I have developed on action-guiding principle for myself. I understood that, it is the role of leaders and managers to increase efficiency and productivity of employees as well as taking care of their wellness issues. Hence, I have planned to follow democratic leadership style and try to always respect others while working with them. 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